New Study Highlights Seismic Vulnerability in Pakistan's Dir City, Calls for Immediate Action

A study published in the Journal of Dynamic Disasters has brought to light the seismic vulnerability of buildings in Dir City, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, using a modified rapid visual screening (RVS) approach. The research, accessible via DOI:10.1016/j.jdd.2025.100018, assessed a hundred randomly selected buildings, uncovering significant risks due to the predominance of non-engineered and aged structures in the area.

Dir City, classified under Seismic Zone III according to the Building Code of Pakistan, is at a heightened risk during seismic events. The study's lead author, Khan Shahzada, emphasized the diversity in structural configurations among the surveyed buildings, which included unreinforced masonry, confined masonry, stone masonry, and reinforced concrete frames with unreinforced masonry infill. The application of positive and negative score modifiers to assess seismic resistance highlighted the urgent need for further expert examination of buildings with low final scores.

The findings underscore the importance of immediate action to mitigate seismic risks. Recommendations include enforcing stricter building regulations, prioritizing the retrofitting of vulnerable structures, and fostering a culture of preparedness through community engagement. The study also advocates for the implementation of regular inspections, public education on seismic resilience, and financial incentives for building owners to invest in structural improvements.

Moreover, the research calls for comprehensive disaster preparedness plans, including early warning systems and earthquake drills, alongside the strengthening of critical infrastructure. The involvement of local stakeholders in applying research findings and improving seismic safety measures is also emphasized as a critical step towards safeguarding Dir City's infrastructure against future earthquakes.

This study not only sheds light on the pressing issue of seismic vulnerability in high-risk areas like Dir City but also serves as a call to action for policymakers, building owners, and the community at large to prioritize earthquake resilience in urban planning and construction practices.